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A fractional T-1 or T-3 line is a T-1 or T-3 digital phone line
in the North American T-carrier system that is leased to a
customer at a fraction of its data-carrying capacity and at a
correspondingly lower cost. A T-1 line contains 24 channels,
each with a data transfer capacity of 64 Kbps. The customer can
rent some number of the 24 channels. The transmission method and
speed of transfer remain the same. Overhead bits and framing are
still used, but the unrented channels simply contain no data.
T-3 lines (which offer 672 64 Kbps channels) are also sometimes
offered as a fractional service. T-1 and fractional T-1 service
are sometimes advertised as "point-to-point" service (from the
customer to the service provider).
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